References

Hernan, M.A., Takkouche, B., Caamano-Isorna, F., Gestal-Otero, J.J. 'A Meta-analysis of Coffee Drinking, Cigarette Smoking, & the Risk Parkinson's Disease'. Annals of Neurology. 2002; 52: 276 – 284.

Nefzger, M.N., Quadfasal, F.A., Karl, V.C. A Retrospective Study of smoking in Parkinson's Disease. American Journal of Epidemiology.1968; 88: 145 – 158.

Ross, G.W., Petrovitch, H. Current evidence for neuroprotective effects of nicotine and caffeine against Parkinson's disease. Drugs Aging. 2001;18(11):797-806.

Saaksjarvi, K., Knekt, P., Laaksonen, M.A., Reunanen, A., Mannisto, S. 'Prospective Study of Coffee Consumption and the Risk of Parkinson's disease.' European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2008; 62 (7): 908 – 915.

Schwarzschild, M.A., Chen, J.F., Ascherio, A. Caffeinated clues and the promise of adenosine A(2A) antagonists in PD. Neurology. 2002; 58(8):1154-60.

Tan, E.K., Chua, E., Fook-Chong, S.M., Teo, Y-Y., Yuen, Y., Tan, L., Zhao, Y. 'Association between caffeine intake and risk of Parkinson's disease among fast and slow metabolizers'. Pharmacogenetics and Genomics. 2007; 17: 1001 – 1005.

Webster- Ross, G., Abbott, R.D., Petrovich,H., Dmorens, D.M., Grandinetti, A., Ko-Hui, T., Tanner, C.M., Masaki, K.H., Blanchette, P.l., David Curb, J., Popper, J.S., White L.R., Association of Coffee and Caffeine Intake with the Risk of Parkinson's Disease. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2000; 283 (20): 2674 - 2679.